During their several centuries long supremacy over Spain the Morrishs
were bringing started from 7th century from North Africa to Spain more than
300.000 berber horses. Those horses became the most numerous and by decisive
way influenced the breeding of horses in Spain. The Colombians derive the
origin of their horses directly of these berbers, which were imported by
Christopher Columbus in his 2nd trip in 1493 from Spain
to Isla Espaòola, today´s Santo Domingo. King Ferdinand and Queen
Elizabeth personally took care that also horses were transported to the
New Continent - 20 stallions and 5 mares. At that times the Spaniards
rode only stallions. It is interesting to observe how the nature selection and
hard work molded the horses because those imported horses were a very wretched
ones and Christopher Columbus himself complained to their Majesties that the
horses were changed before shipment.
The Spaniards founded breeding stations in Santo Domingo and Cuba and
from that stations sent horses to the expeditions to the South, Middle and
North America, later also back to Spain. The imports from Europe in next
centuries were minimum.
To the north coast of Nueva Granada, today´s Colombia, the horses were
brought in 1524 by Rodrigo de Bastidas and also by Alonso de Ojeda and Jimenez
de Quesada and from that region spred to the interior of the country.
Colombia´s historical sources mention that the original berbers were small,
more slim than heavy, in shorter legs, with extraordinally courage,
temperament and ardor and they moved in lateral gait - such qualities make
them a jewel for their owner and without them the conquest of New World would
be impossible. The Colombians still evaluate berber horse more than the arab
horse.
In following centuries the breeding in Spain and South America took
different directions. In Spain the task was to produce beautifull horses for
pulling coaches of the aristocracy with elegant gait - world known Andalus or
better Pura Raza Espaòola. To reach their goal they crossed berbers with
bigger and more robust breeds from Central Europe (Friese and others).
According to the opinion of South America breeders the actual PRE is very
different to its ancestors and as the result of crossing with other breeds
have lost a big part of its original ardor and agility. Other consequence of
the crossing with other breeds was that prevailed diagonal gaits and lateral
gait in Spain practicaly disappeared. If anything had survived from the
original berbers the French invasion in 1808 anihilated it.
In South America and specially in Colombia to the contrary to the
Spain were developed the breedings of originally imported berbers with the
emphasis to the fullfillment of the basic tasks - reliable transport of rider
to the very long distances in very demanding terrain, later again effective
work with the big herds of cattle. Because of big distances, high mountains
and other natural obstacles the breeding in every country was developed
practically independent from others and from originally the same
criollo have been developed various breeds - be it lateral gaits or
diagonal gaits. Very known is Peruvian Paso which is nevertheless very
different from paso fino colombiano by its movement (specially by outside
paddling of front legs - disqualifying fault for paso fino colombiano),
structure of the body and angles, etc. Different evolution happen also in the
case of paso fino portoriqueòo - smaller lateral gaited horse from Puerto Rico
- where was in the pass injected Morgan. This breed is closer to the paso fino
colombiano even if does not have its qualities.
The proof of the origin of lateral gait in the ancestors of paso fino
colombiano are semiwild herds of horses which live in caribbean coast in
department Guajira. The actual colombia´s breeds are the results of 450
years long adaptation to the nature conditions, selection and genetic work of
the colombia´s breeders.